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2133141 2009 年 08 月 19 日 23:59 Reading (loading. ..) Comments (0) Category: classic reprint
nationals of a country or a nation's character can be said to a considerable extent depends on the country's natural environment and historical experience of long-term experience. Open the map can be found immediately, the east China sea, west, south and north borders with other countries. The land on more than ten thousand kilometers of the border is artificial division, they are easily violated. Do not say that the border violations, China has been all throughout the land occupied by other peoples history, Wuhu Sixteen States, Yuan and Qing are examples. This is protected on all sides by the sea, history, had only a history of occupation by foreign forces (meaning the U.S. military occupation of Japan after World War II) of the Japanese people can not imagine. For complex and diverse historical circumstances of the Chinese people, the natural wisdom should be unique.
for the Chinese people, the temperament of the more prominent the following:
taboo war because the Chinese people have experienced the pain of repeated aggression, so it is very offensive to invade other countries. big country and a strong sense that the culture of their country and as the best conceit.
no racial prejudice.
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dark and difficult to understand the inner outsiders.
simple and honest, patient and strong.
conservative and difficult to change.
slow pace of life.
short, in the harsh environments experienced the temper of the Chinese people for thousands of years compared the lack of optimism. The following from some of the Chinese side to explore the unique wisdom.
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beginning of this century as the main means of transport by boat to the era of the foreigners first arrived in Chinese ports in the port work on the rhythm of labor workers, especially the rhythm of child labor numbers surprised. Called Make an inappropriate analogy, just as the early morning tai chi in the park in China about the rhythm. See such situations, usually used to fast-paced Japanese will Mudeng can stay feel: considered to be deliberately lazy.
Old Shanghai by the Japanese Human
car, always use a cane, shaking Japanese Chinese shouted: Because of acute Japanese rickshaw he wanted a board destination as soon as possible, so take the rickshaw pullers who hated the Japanese guests. Manchuria in the old coal mines and ports, we often see the Japanese foreman tossed the whip on the coolies shouted: Therefore, unless a very high wages, Chinese coolies who do not want to work in the hands of the Japanese foreman. At that time the Japanese entrepreneurs in China, even if others do not understand Chinese, but also absolutely understand the And to describe China as a labor of words. In fact, the Japanese do not understand, coolies slowly at first glance like a lazy work like is that they work for the wisdom of long period of time. Japanese workers, as reckless as the body is often not hold.
Chinese not only slow the pace of daily life, is slowly moving team of commercial transactions. Hong Kong, Shenzhen real estate rental contract period is three years or four years, even up to Rental contracts are generally for two or three years of the Japanese, only that this is a joke. Walk from the way Chinese people can understand their leisurely attitude to life, even in Beijing, Shanghai, in this busy city, it is difficult to see as the Japanese do like to walk trot all the way Chinese people.
China is slowly moving team of people and even war. Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei rate Wu Shu army invaded, almost equal to Yiling. Yiling Yangtze River in the north shore of the military and transportation to, once was a breakthrough, Wu Jun base Gangneung and summer will be straight for the mouth. But Shu Army into the ground to facilitate the presence near the Yiling down in an attempt to lift the expedition fatigue. Guard generals of Wu Yiling also used dragged off their war consumption guidelines do not attempt to drag the enemy tired, and then fight back. Wu Jun dragged half a year, until the Shu Army had been exhausted when the massive counter-offensive, Fire will defeat Shu Army. If you replaced the Japanese, probably not as patient as Wu Jun six months it slowly and be patient.
any case, the Chinese army to slowly wear down the enemy's relentless tactics, we can say is its specialty. Chinese, this Relaxation is one of the concept of time, there is no race against the spirit. Met in rural China, late one or two hours is not a surprising thing. But students at the agreed place last several hours have not seen such lovers, when heavy rain made the water surge, but the students refused to leave the end, and finally holding the drowning. Since then the Chinese will use the However, in the Japanese view, to wait for an appointment time is not worth dying lover.
Since ancient times, Chinese people have always thought that the Chinese in the cultural, ideological, technical aspects are excellent, so do not rush to intake of knowledge and culture of other countries. Of European civilization, especially in science and technology achievements have taken slowly absorbing the negative attitude. On the contrary, the Japanese are positive, enthusiastic absorb new knowledge, new culture. In 1543 the Portuguese to guns spread to Japan, the Japanese army after three years there have been guns in the forces, since guns have become indispensable to the Japanese army new weapons. Guns will be the time came to China even earlier than Japan, but eight years later, Hideyoshi sent troops into North Korea Feng, the Chinese Ming Dynasty's military forces have not guns, and a hundred and fifty years after the demise of the Ming Dynasty, the Chinese military is still not large scale use of firearms. This case is only a glance the speed of the Japanese and Chinese concepts of the different countries in the absorption of advanced technology, culture, and ideological differences between the speed also can imagine. Therefore, the decades after the Meiji Restoration significant changes took place, while China is difficult to get rid of semifeudal and semicolonial status.
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was not too hard-working Chinese people worse than the Japanese, but the efficiency is obviously not as good as the Japanese, and Chinese people that can not be said about the concept of time. The Japanese like to be done quickly with contrast, the Chinese used not rash, but insisted that in the end attitude towards life.
Japan, saying the curse words Emperor died, real power is the hands of Prime Minister Zhao Gao. Zhao Gao, the day dedicated to the Emperor Qin II a deer, said: There is the Chinese people often say: This sloppy feeling and performance is unique to the Chinese people, Japanese is difficult to understand.
Since the normalization of China on
days, there have been many joint ventures, although there do a good job, but there are half-way setback. The reasons are various unsuccessful, but one of which is considered of contract between Japan and China in different ways. Japan believes that once the signed contract, no matter what difficulties the middle, it should be the absolute performance of and compliance with, this is business ethics. The Chinese side believes that: of course, should comply with the original signed contract, but in the case of last resort, appropriate changes to the way some of it does not matter. The so-called trading should be resourceful.
1978, the Chinese government and Japan's Nippon Steel, Mitsubishi and other large companies signed a joint venture of the Baoshan Iron and Steel Company. January 1981 China's currency tensions suddenly the ground, ex parte suspension of the second phase of the project. This makes Japanese companies too frightened, has invested thousands of billion yen in equipment, was suddenly suspended, how can you stand it? But also as the absolute credit of the State Government, but not private companies, how can we break free to abandon contract it? But the Chinese side of the counter and said: The funding assistance to enable the project to be continued and resolved, but felt like from the Japanese side to seek ice.
addition, the Chinese people advocating However, good quality Japanese products is precisely the reason why Japan's technical staff as preoccupied with it, Japan-China joint enterprise, as both sides work attitude is caused by a dispute a few. China complained that the Japanese side,
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Chinese people believe that: de facto laws, rules, contracts, constraints, etc., may not completely correct, due to changes in the objective situation may appear disproportionate to the situation with the facts, then it should not rigidly adhere to the previous constraints, The facts should be made with the corresponding expansion of interpretation. Such as buying, selling, sellers want to sell more expensive as far as possible, while the buyer wants to buy cheaper, in order to make the sale, the two sides are not all need a little But in modern society, from the country's political and diplomatic to the private sector in trade, employment, both in the form of the contract that was called the modern social contract society. Countries regarded as absolutely binding contract should be executed unconditionally. Who can contract so that the This is probably is difficult to good cooperation with other countries, one of the reasons for it.
China has never been democratic political system, China's politics are top-down since ancient times to force the authoritarian regime. Ages of those in power to defend their power, the country's military establishment into a dedicated army to defend itself, to defend national culture into the legitimacy of their rule of learning. In the long-term political pressure, the Chinese people developed a very negative political apathy. Many of the current political dissatisfaction, but only negative to say:
but can not because the Chinese people on the negative attitude of the political disillusioned, come against the spirit of the Chinese people have no political conclusions. Although the lips of Chinese people say
in Japan before the war, many in China called They said: war of aggression against China launched by Japanese military at that time the background of one.
In addition, one of the Chinese people's political views, is to engage in political activities and linked together to make money,December , and hard these days to collect the 30 m, the so-called For thousands of years, Chinese people have been fooled by a brutal political, ordinary people once made an Officer has gone even further squeeze on, tortured people, the easiest way is corruption. Therefore, China's ancient political darkness, bureaucracy and corruption, bribery has an inseparable relationship.
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in the old Japanese army, the recruits by the Executive, the ancestors of bullying are commonplace. Recruits daily by Executive, the fathers contradicting itself, Aixun. Suffered inhuman torture of the new recruits become veterans, even then people will be as honest as the devil for their younger bully the same or even more powerful, as revenge general. In China, torture to extract the common people suffered officials made official after the squeeze on even further to torture people, it can be said as the old Japanese soldiers tortured recruits revenge.
history of Chinese people's dream is Therefore, the official China since ancient times is the If the current Chinese political despair and resentment has not disappeared, then
in the history of oppression of the Chinese regime are the people, do not do anything for the people of the authoritarian regime. Perennial cruelty and political oppression by the Chinese people, in order to get rid of the plight of being trampled upon, and only three roads to choose: 1, access to power and status; 2, through religion and learning to escape; 3, to obtain money and wealth . The acquisition of power and status is very difficult in itself, coupled with no legal system in China has always been a dictatorship society, even with the power and status is quite dangerous. China has a so-called By learning to escape religious and not a stage that can be done in general.
So for the Chinese common people, money is the mercy of their plight out of the only way. In order to accumulate money, the Chinese people since ancient times to develop the habit of hard work and frugality, the formation of the unique simplicity of the Chinese people and money worship utilitarian view of the world. Chinese emigration overseas, again this industrious and thrifty, brought the habit of getting rich overseas Chinese community. In Hong Kong, Southeast Asia, overseas Chinese society, the New Year's message is In Japan, even the merchants specializing in the sale is not between This is the Chinese people feel a bit too much emphasis on money.
Chinese people have a sensitive sense of money. Around the world, no matter how remote the place, no matter what color race residential areas, even if not really understand the local language, there is still operated by a variety of shops overseas. Hard work, frugality, patience is the key to the success of overseas Chinese are. Although the Chinese are good at the individual sale, but not good at the Joint Group operations. There are many wealthy overseas Chinese around the world such as the Tiger Balm King of Aw Boon Haw, rubber magnate Tan, Thai financial magnate, Chan family, shipping to maintain Wang CY Tung, Hong Kong tycoons Li Jiacheng, ship Wang Pao Yue Kong, Taiwan, Wang and other entrepreneurs, but these giants of the activities, not personal business over the final range. The success of these enterprises can rely on the boss, the boss once lost, businesses will come to naught. Therefore, China's overseas enterprises simply can not and Japan's Mitsui,Former Republic of China Public Security Minister, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo and other modern compared to large enterprises. The activities of modern big business key is to have great organizational skills, selling ability and intelligence, and they do, regardless of how successful trading business, international competitiveness is weak.
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play the neglect of the importance of individual organizational and operational groups, the characteristics of China's overseas Chinese business law. Recently, Japan actively promote such overseas on business law and business administration as a reference example. However, doing business overseas is definitely not a genius, because it is not good at group and organizational management, in making big money, Japan's large enterprises is much to be wise. But the Chinese Commercial Law
the impression that Chinese people tend to do foreigners think of making money, miserly, so the evaluation of the Chinese people are often not high. But to know that the Chinese people to make money is to protect themselves and their families. The Japanese have government protection, the Americans have human rights protection, not any political favors by the Chinese people, in addition to money, nothing else than to protect themselves and their families things. So the Chinese people is also miserly brutal environment created out of political wisdom. For Japan, Europe and other countries of the nationals, because of the political asylum, people do not like to trouble the Chinese abacus to make money allocated. Therefore, we often difficult to understand the political helpless feelings of the Chinese people for money, so it is easy to laugh at the Chinese do not want people miserly outlook on life.
There have always been important
Chinese culture over military fashion, on the As farming was originally a Han nationality, for the farmers, the most important thing is to have qualified for the robust body hard agricultural work, there is increased production of specialized knowledge and not be discouraged even if the natural disaster endurance. But lack of courage as riding nation, defeat all enemies of the spirit and courage.
As China continues to suffer from the history of different ethnic aggression, war is almost every national or his country by his provocation. To suffer for thousands of Chinese who invaded instinctively taboo war, as war crimes. China's long history, literature praising the war, we can say almost nothing. So you can say that the Chinese people are inherently offensive war.
In addition, China established the re-start from the Sui Dynasty imperial examination system scholars. Examination system so as inferior, and grew up poor people have the opportunity to pass the exam to become official. Compared with the hereditary system is very progressive, honest and appointing personnel practices. However, the test subjects was too biased imperial subjects, only tested on Confucianism and literature, so many political, economic, military, scientific and other knowledge people can not understand completely pass an official, resulting in China in the social sciences, natural sciences than Europe far behind. Examination system so that ordinary people have the opportunity to read to an official, fine, but what use are not martial arts. Therefore, China has always been professional soldiers ignored the tradition of the Chinese people believe that not only have the ability to physically sturdy performance, decides that the mind and mental capacity.
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Although many of Japan's system is an imitation of China, but are not using imperial examination system. Not to mention imperial examination system is good or bad, if true use of the imperial examination system in Japan, then Japan's history probably will not look like it is today.
Japanese men who quarrel soon beat up, but the Chinese are less hands-on resorting to violence Shique quarrel. Chinese way is to quarrel mouths, hands last resort. First, the opponent's offense can not see the business of the people to resort to the public, winning the sympathy of the audience around, this is the most common Chinese practice dispute. Impatient the Japanese view, wins his chicanery management, punch each other more than happy to play rush. But in China, but the two sides fight each other verbal abuse is not easy to get involved, which is China's so-called Japanese and Chinese people's fight there is indeed a world of difference between means, which is probably the Japanese and Chinese combat methods are fundamentally different reason.
Chinese people first seek to The most famous ancient Chinese Therefore, the Chinese people not only to the war, the quarrel is also implementing the thoughts of winning without fighting and seek to minimize their damage, no cost way to win.
Therefore, the Chinese people quarrel, they try not only the hands and mouths to each other to yield, neither physical exertion, and no physical injuries, this is the best policy. This form is not Chinese hands and mouths,
Although the Chinese aversion to war, but it does not mean that Chinese were aggression immediately surrender. But Chinese people generally do not take the initiative, but rather to adopt a wait at Plaza of the tactics, the enemy does not adhere to the endurance only when a devastating blow to the enemy. Chinese martial arts in the tactics and Bruce Lee, Jackie Chan's style of play is similar to the beginning regardless of how he has been beaten, kicked, and sometimes dead than alive, but never surrender, but insisted there is no other endurance only when a fatal blow to the other party.
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eight years of Sino-Japanese War continued, the differences of tactics both very clear. Japanese troops to a war all out to Beijing, Nanjing, Wuhan and other cities occupied one by one. Japanese military authorities at that time that: China was such a devastating blow, both militarily and financially can no longer adhere to the non-surrender is not. However, there are amazing Chinese endurance, although the state brink of extinction, family wives and children, many casualties, but the Chinese still insist on not surrender. So insistent on more than eight years, the Japanese did not wait until the endurance, the Chinese people won final victory.
Chinese are not Japanese samurai, the old imperial army that To not win when to try to avoid war, withdrawal, a last resort to temporarily surrender to the enemy, waiting for the day comeback, and this is the Chinese way of thinking. Chinese people believe that the withdrawal is but a strategic tool, not a shameful thing. This is based on the battlefield in order to charge forward, would rather die than retreat in stark contrast to the Japanese spirit of Bushido.
Sino-Japanese War began, a large number of Chinese authorities to explain the city's fall at home and abroad as a The result was confirmed by China's statement is correct.
In short, the Chinese fight the Japanese did not like the tactics used to fight hard killed, but a
face is something unique to Chinese culture. English there is no Because the Europeans and Americans tend to The so-called Chinese
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A description
such as company B to C, C Company B own abilities by using the B, with the referrals that had nothing to do A, but the Chinese would say: the B. On the contrary if the company B C dismissal, originally with the introducer has nothing to do A, but the Chinese would say:
So the concept of Chinese people's face is more difficult to understand foreigners.
Chinese are a people on the Since ancient times China has been engaged in foreign affairs As long as foreigners send a messenger to China to But more recently China's diplomacy
also advocated by the Chinese people, Chinese people believe that the younger generation if an error is pointed out that the elders do not give elders face, is a great lack of filial piety. Even if found guilty of younger or older are mistakes, but also taking into account the elders of the face, can not directly criticize the mistakes that their elders, at the most oblique references to mention. Lower to higher levels have the same consideration for face, inconvenience or can not make a direct criticism.
In Japan, government departments and private business leaders if done well, will step down, no one considered the parties face problems. In China have to rack their brains to take care of the parties to consider the face, trying to get the parties Therefore, the arrangements are often the leaders to step down to give a Chinese people face because of the excessive consideration, often resulting in errors of their elders and superiors over tolerance.
In addition, the Japanese government departments, private enterprises, if the men guilty of gross negligence, but also most of its leaders have cited the resignation. If a child commits a crime, the parents will take responsibility if the parents as the important public, almost without exception, to resign (or forced to resign.) This is the Japanese practice of responsibility. But China's situation is different, the government, enterprises in the men out of the corrupt leaders of the fault is equal to the In the last resort, you can allow men to resign, but there is no reason for the resignation of the leaders of their own, because Chinese people believe that corrupt leaders were men of the
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for the Chinese people, no matter what's wrong, to save face is the most important. Government departments, enterprises once a problem, the highest priority, the most important thing is to consider how to save face, rather than find out the cause of the problem and improved countermeasures. This Chinese-style
1986,Chen deposit housing reform took away 10 trillion, the Prime Minister of Japan should visit the Yasukuni Shrine, will the news industry was bustling for a while.
shocking that the Chinese government's view on this matter: . After that, China's senior officials of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party leader to visit China so that China's purpose: is sound, the reason why China's Yasukuni visits are particularly sensitive, because there are A-class war criminals are buried there.
Japanese think: For the perpetrators, when they live on their sentences, punishment should be, but what is the meaning of the dead condemn it? While some people made a lot of bad things during his lifetime, a lot of mistakes, once dead, his crimes and mistakes can be forgiven. So many Japanese are doing something wrong, causing huge losses, often used to die apology to death in exchange for forgiveness of his people. This caused the Japanese suicide rate is one of the reasons. So the Japanese think whether it is still widely Tojo Tian Hongyi, since it has been believed by the international door hanging, even if this matter has been finished, and the Yasukuni shrine, what relationship? In fact, in Japan, even the most heinous hate the person or people in history, and were also placed in the memorial shrine. Such as the sacrificial Ni Chen Ashikaga Ashikaga clan shrine statue is a good example. Moreover, in some parts of the shrine, even the people hate Kira Ueno, also known as a god to worship. Therefore, the Chinese government statement on the Japanese shrine uncomfortable.
Chinese conception of death with the Japanese on the contrary. Chinese people believe that: even if the person has died does not mean their crimes and responsibilities can be discharged, but also asked the punishment of the dead. Yue Fei temple outside the city of Hangzhou, a couple kneeling stone statue of Qin Hui, to visit the people of Yue Fei Temple, the temple prepared whip with the statue. Chinese people have asked that the dead penalty, even if their offense can not be condoned suicide Life and Death in the Japanese view is too cruel.
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Conclusion
Japan, China, North Korea on the use of these historical
because China refused to admit any shortcomings and mistakes, the lack of a deep study of their own problems and anti-wake style, the Chinese people can not learn from past failures in the real lessons learned. At the same time as the Chinese culture, the absolute confidence of their own, potentially causing indifference to foreign culture, can not actively absorb foreign culture and improved benefits to make up their deficiencies. Chinese, this |
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